//--------------------------------------------------------------------
//
//  Example showing output stream formating               format.cpp
//
//--------------------------------------------------------------------

#include <iostream.h>     // For cin and cout
#include <iomanip.h>      // For the I/O stream manipulators

void main()
{
    int modelNum;         // Four-digit model number
    double basePrice,     // Base price of car
           taxRate,       // Tax rate
           finalPrice;    // Total cost the car

    // Prompt the user for the car purchase data.

    cout << endl 
         << "Enter the car's 4-digit model number: ";
    cin >> modelNum;
    cout << "Enter the car's base price:           ";
    cin >> basePrice;
    cout << "Enter the tax rate (as a % of 1.0):   ";
    cin >> taxRate;

    // Calculate the total cost of the purchase.
    
    finalPrice = basePrice * (1 + taxRate);

    // Output the model number and the purchase price with headings.

    cout << endl << "Model #    Final price" << endl;
    cout << modelNum << "       " << finalPrice << endl;

    // Use the setw() manipulator to set the width of the model 
    // number field to 7 characters and the width of the final 
    // price field to 11 characters.

    cout << endl << "Model #    Final price" << endl;
    cout << setw(7) << modelNum << "    "
         << setw(11) << finalPrice << endl;

    // Use the setprecision() manipulator to specify that the
    // final price should be rounded to two decimal places 
    // (when necessary).

    cout << endl << "Model #    Final price" << endl;
    cout << setprecision(2)
         << setw(7) << modelNum << "    "
         << setw(11) << finalPrice << endl;

    // Set the ios::fixed flag to specify that the final price
    // should be displayed using fixed-point format (as opposed 
    // to scientific notation) and set the ios::showpoint flag
    // to specify that trailing zeroes should be displayed to 
    // the right of the decimal point.

    cout << endl << "Model #    Final price" << endl;
    cout << setprecision(2)
         << setiosflags( ios::fixed | ios::showpoint )
         << setw(7) << modelNum << "    "
         << setw(11) << finalPrice << endl;

// Various ios:: flags
//  ios::right      Right-align output values [DEFAULT]
//  ios::left       Left-align output values 
//  ios::dec        Output numbers in decimal form [DEFAULT]
//  ios::oct        Output numbers in octal form
//  ios::hex        Output numbers in hexadecimal form
//  ios::scientific Output floating-point numbers in scientific format
//  ios::fixed      Output floating-point numbers in fixed format
//  ios::showpos    Output plus signs (+) for positive numbers.
//  ios::showpoint  Output the decimal point and trailing zeros for 
//                  floating-point numbers

}